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Author: Hazel Norman

UK Court Of Appeal: Low-THC Hemp Flower Is Not A ‘Narcotic Drug’

For many years, hemp flower was largely considered to be an undesirable commodity to cannabis consumers. The hemp plant was almost always associated with paper, rope, and various textiles, and not something that cannabis consumers actually combusted and inhaled.

However, that has changed in recent years. Hemp flower that is low in THC, often referred to as ‘floral hemp,’ is a hot item in many markets these days due to various reasons. While it will never completely supplant cannabis products that are high in THC, low-THC floral hemp is legal in far more jurisdictions right now compared to high-THC products, and the increased access is something that many consumers are taking advantage of.

The floral hemp sector of the emerging cannabis industry is still very young, and it is causing legal headaches for entrepreneurs and investors that have to navigate laws, rules, and regulations that are either shifting, incomplete, or entirely nonexistent.

One jurisdiction that has struggled is the United Kingdom where low-THC cannabis products are widely available, yet, not necessarily legal according to some authorities. The UK Court of Appeal recently ruled that some low-THC products are not a ‘narcotic drug’ which is a designation that should help clear up some of the confusion. Per Cannabis Health News:

A ‘landmark’ Court of Appeal ruling in the UK has set a new legal precedent for businesses in the UK importing and selling CBD or low-THC hemp flower.

Crucially, the Court of Appeal has made it clear that it does not consider hemp flower with a THC content below 0.2% as ‘a narcotic drug’.

The case stemmed from the arrest of the owners of UK-based CBD retailer Uncle Herb, with the owners being charged with ‘violating the Misuse of Drugs Act.’ The owners were able to successfully argue that under EU law floral hemp products with less than .2% THC are not a narcotic and that EU law superseded UK law.

It’s ironic that EU law has hindered so many domestic THC policy modernization efforts in recent years, just to simultaneously be used to advance low-THC policy in the UK. It will be interesting to see if the same legal strategy is used in other European countries that have historically dragged their feet on low-THC reform.

This case out of the UK serves as yet another reminder that cannabis policies are harmful, outdated, and often contradictory throughout the European continent and that an EU-wide overhaul of cannabis policies is well overdue.

Overcoming International Cannabis Logistical Challenges

The emerging international cannabis industry is currently governed by a complex web of laws, rules, and regulations that are constantly shifting and evolving. With more countries reforming their cannabis policies and regulations, the regulatory layers will continue to increase in volume for the foreseeable future.

Yoram Eshel, CEO of Cannabilog, recently presented tips and insight regarding how to navigate the ‘regulatory maze’ in an effective way as part of his presentation at the recent International Cannabis Business Conference in Berlin. Eshel analyzes current international supply chain trends, provides an update on regulatory requirements in various markets, and discusses what to anticipate soon. He also discusses the ‘do’s and don’ts’ when shipping cannabis products worldwide.

We look forward to seeing you in Berlin in 2024, as well as at our upcoming science and technology event in Slovenia this September!

New Zealand Ministry Of Health Approves Medical Cannabis Changes

New Zealand’s medical cannabis industry and research efforts are set to receive a boost in the near future after the nation’s Ministry of Health approved several changes. The changes to the Misuse of Drugs (Medicinal Cannabis) Regulations 2019 aim to “better support economic and research opportunities for the medicinal cannabis industry sector.”

New Zealand’s medical cannabis law is still young compared to many other nations. While the nation’s industry is growing every year, many suffering patients are still going without proper safe access. The following changes should help:

  • broadening the types of cannabis plant forms that can be considered ‘starting material’ and ‘cannabis-based ingredient’
  • enabling the export of cannabis seed under the Medicinal Cannabis Scheme
  • enabling export of starting material, cannabis-based ingredients and medicinal cannabis products (without needing to meet the minimum quality standard) for the purposes of testing, analysis or research
  • enabling import of cannabis-based ingredients and medicinal cannabis products (without needing to meet the minimum quality standard) for the purposes of testing, analysis or research
  • removing the requirement for consignments of starting material to meet the minimum quality standard before export
  • removing the requirement for cannabis-based ingredients and medicinal cannabis products to meet the minimum quality standard before export if they are manufactured to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and meet the quality requirements of the importing country
  • allowing a licence to possess controlled drugs (issued under the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 1977) to authorise non-therapeutic research activities using medicinal cannabis or industrial hemp.

Additionally, “a number of minor technical changes to update and clarify the minimum quality standard” were also made. Examples provided by the Ministry of Health include updated pesticide requirements, broadening the “permitted pharmacopeial tests, excipients and container material requirements,” broadening lab accreditation for certain tests, and reducing duplicative testing.

The new changes are expected to come into effect by the end of the year. While the changes are significant, only time will tell how much they impact New Zealand’s medical cannabis industry and patient base.

Opening Your Mind to the Future of Cannabis

To truly understand the future of cannabis, it’s important to approach it from different angles and challenge existing perceptions and stigmas. This presentation from the recent International Cannabis Business Conference’s Global Investment Forum in Berlin by international cannabis expert Lisa Haag (founder of MJ_Universe) offers a fresh perspective on the cannabis industry, exploring its potential from a variety of viewpoints and shedding light on untapped opportunities. By breaking down barriers and opening our minds to new ideas, we can pave the way for a more innovative, inclusive, and successful cannabis industry.

We look forward to seeing you in Berlin in 2024, as well as at our upcoming science and technology event in Slovenia this September!

Mastering The Challenge Of European Cannabis Market Saturation And Oversupply

Different nations across Europe allow for the cultivation, manufacturing, and processing of medical cannabis. Few of the facilities are truly EU-GMP compliant and able to deliver what was promised. Europe’s markets are competing and not collaborating. Few real sales markets other than Germany are established. Some countries like the Czech Republic, France, or Poland show tendencies with a rising number of prescriptions and new regulations for patient access. The German market itself is oversaturated and has many regulatory hurdles to consider. All in all, investors should understand the complexity of market dynamics, especially in regard to timeline and planning of such complex ventures. Below is an embedded video of a panel discussion about this topic that was recently held at the International Cannabis Business Conference’s Global Investment Forum in Berlin. Panelists include:

  • Lisa Haag – Founder, MJ_Universe (moderator)
  • David Engel – CEO/President, Full Moon Real Estate Investments And Ondara Directorship SLU
  • Dr. rer. nat. Adrian Fischer – Co-Founder and Managing Director, DEMECAN
  • Vera Broder – CEO, MHI Cultivo Medicinal SA.
  • Alexander Rieg – Founder, AR Pharma Consulting

We look forward to seeing you in Berlin in 2024, as well as at our upcoming science and technology event in Slovenia this September!

Where Does Colombia Export Legal Cannabis Flower To?

A new report is out in Colombia that provides insight into the South American country’s emerging legal medical cannabis export industry. Last year marked the first time in Colombia’s history that regulated medical cannabis flower was exported to another nation. Since that time, over five dozen permitted shipments have occurred or are in the process of occurring.

Colombia is home to one of the most ideal climates for cultivating cannabis on the entire planet and has long served as a top international source for unregulated cannabis flower. In recent years, policymakers and regulators in Colombia have increased efforts to transition the country’s cannabis industry from being controlled by cartels to being operated by licensed and regulated entities.

Legal medical cannabis imports and exports are a relatively new thing at the global level, and multiple countries are now trying to gain a foothold in the emerging area of the global cannabis industry. According to domestic reporting, Colombia has shipped low-THC cannabis to several countries. Per Bloomberg:

According to information provided to Bloomberg Linea by the Colombia Agricultural Institute (ICA), there have been reports, to date, of 65 exports of this type, some of which are close to materializing.

Of that total, the largest shipment was one of 186,000 grams of dried cannabis flower, with a maximum THC (psychoactive component) content of 0.01%. The dat of export was from June 23 to July 7 of this year and the destination: Switzerland.

ICA also reported a May shipment of 102,500 grams that also went to Switzerland, which was the second largest export. That batch of cannabis flower contained 0.574% THC content. Another 65,000 grams were exported to Australia, with a reported 24.01% THC content.

In total, 18 shipments went to Australia, 16 to Switzerland, 12 to Germany, 8 to the United States, 4 to Israel, 2 to Portugal, Ecuador, and Brazil, and 1 to the Czech Republic.

Ghana Approves Historic Cannabis Bill

Ghana recently became the latest country to pass a national medical cannabis legalization measure. The African nation’s parliament approved the ‘Narcotics Control Commission Bill, 2023’ mere days ago. The measure tasks Ghana’s Ministry of Interior with issuing cannabis cultivation licenses.

In 2020, Ghana’s parliament passed a measure authorizing the production of low-THC cannabis for medical and research purposes. However, the nation’s Supreme Court later deemed the measure to be unconstitutional, and as a result, kept prohibition in place. The measure that was approved in recent days in Ghana seemed to directly address the reported legal insufficiencies.

Ghana’s economy currently ranks 10th among African nations, however, it ranks 74th globally. The average salary in Ghana is roughly 60,340 GHS, which converts to about 5,292 USD. Needless to say, a robust, thriving medical cannabis industry would greatly benefit the citizens of Ghana via a boost in economic development and job creation.

The economic benefit to Ghana comes in addition to the wellness benefits that will be afforded to suffering patients under the new law. As is the case in every country, Ghana is home to countless suffering patients that could benefit from cannabis therapies.

The new law will not result in every suffering patient receiving safe access, however, it will be a welcomed policy change for the suffering patients that are able to be helped by the recently approved measure.

The African nation joins a growing list of other countries on the continent such as Morocco and South Africa that have taken steps to modernize their medical cannabis policies. No country in Africa has a medical cannabis policy as robust and progressive as can be found in North America, including Ghana, however, the continent is at least trending in the right direction at a macro level.

Africa is still home to some of the strictest cannabis policies on earth, and international cannabis observers need to be mindful of that fact. What African nations such as Ghana are implementing may not be the best medical cannabis policies at the global level, however, they are considerably better than outright prohibition.

Ukrainian Health Ministry Backs Medical Cannabis Bill

In recent days the Ukrainian Health Ministry expressed its support for backing a medical cannabis bill originally proposed by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. The recent endorsement from the nation’s Health Ministry provides a much-needed boost for Ukrainian medical cannabis policy modernization efforts, which have languished in recent years.

According to international reporting, Deputy Health Minister Ihor Kuzin announced support for President Zelenskyy’s plan to legalize cannabis-based medicines in some instances late last week.

“The health ministry supports this legislative initiative. Drugs in healthcare are used to treat chronic pain … A large number of countries have already made changes in their legislation. They have recognized it and use it for treatment purposes,” Kuzin stated according to UrduPoint Network (translated to English).

President Zelenskyy pledged to reform Ukraine’s medical cannabis policies during his 2019 presidential campaign, although a measure failed to gain enough votes in 2021. The Ukrainian cabinet later endorsed President Zelenskyy’s effort to permit cannabis cultivation for medical use and scientific research purposes in June 2022.

What the Ukrainian cabinet approved was a draft law, and in order for the measure to be officially adopted it will still require approval by Ukraine’s Parliament. Roughly two weeks ago, President Zelenskyy made an additional call to action.

“In particular, we must finally fairly legalize cannabis-based medicines for all those who need them, with appropriate scientific research and controlled Ukrainian production,” Zelenskyy said, as Ukrainska Pravda first reported.

A growing number of countries around the world are modernizing their cannabis policies, with medical cannabis reform being particularly widespread now. Compared to other nations with medical cannabis programs in operation, what is being proposed in Ukraine is fairly limited.

Women Report Using Cannabis To Mitigate Symptoms Of Menopause Per Canadian Study

A natural part of biological aging for every woman involves experiencing menopause. Most women experience menopause when they are between the ages of 45 and 55 years old. The menopausal transition is typically gradual.

For many years women have turned to the cannabis plant for relief for all types of conditions, including dealing with menopause. A recent study in Canada examined the reported frequency of use by middle-aged women experiencing menopause. Below is more information about it via a news release from NORML:

Edmonton, Canada: Canadian women frequently report consuming cannabis products to ease symptoms related to menopause, according to survey data published in the journal BMJ Open.

Investigators affiliated with the University of Alberta surveyed cannabis use trends in a cohort of nearly 1,500 women aged 35 or older.

Among those respondents who reported being current cannabis users, many indicated that they consumed marijuana products to improve menopause-related symptoms, such as joint achiness and sleep disturbances. Most women said that they had not discussed their use with their health care providers.

“Our survey established that women are using cannabis for symptoms during the menopause transition,” authors concluded. “Information about cannabis was more frequently accessed through online searches and personal contacts, with limited involvement of healthcare providers. … In general, many women in our survey reported cannabis was helpful for their symptoms. … Further research is required to investigate the efficacy and safety of cannabis on menopause symptoms and foster the development of clinical resources for women to use in making informed decisions around cannabis for medical purposes.”

The findings are consistent with those of prior surveys from the United States estimating that nearly 30 percent of middle-aged women who use cannabis do so to mitigate menopause-related symptoms.

Full text of the study, “Cannabis use for menopause in women aged 35 and over: A cross-sectional survey on usage patterns and perceptions in Alberta, Canada,” appears in BMJ Open.