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Switzerland’s Federal Court Decriminalizes Minor Possession Of Cannabis

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

The Federal Court of Justice has just ruled in favour of decriminalizing possession of up to 10 grams of cannabis

In a move that is well-timed – namely right before the new Swiss recreational cannabis trial begins, the Swiss Federal Court of Justice has decriminalized minor possession of cannabis. The ruling is in support of a District Court of Zurich decision in 2016 when a student refused to pay the fine for possessing 8 grams.

News moves quickly in the cannabis world these days. In Zurich, the City Council has already taken an official stance on decriminalization based on the court’s ruling.

Why Is This Important?

There are several reasons why this development is important. 

The first is that supposedly, technically, and legally, this puts a damper on fines for minor possession, hopefully for the last time. The police were supposed to stop issuing fines four years ago. Despite this, the Zurich police at least have said they will still “report small quantities” even though individuals can now no longer be fined.

However, beyond this, the implications are major both domestically and right across the border, starting with the idea that a European country (even if not in the EU) will take steps to amend its national Narcotics Act. This in turn will provide a guide for (at least) Germany which will have to do the same thing as soon as it passes some kind of recreational reform. 

Where Switzerland Goes…

While every country will implement cannabis laws in different strategies and time periods, one thing is for sure. Switzerland may be outside of the EU, but its evolving marketplace may well prove to be more of a template for other countries now moving towards cannabis legalization than either Holland (within the EU) or North American examples (the U.S. and Canada). 

This is important for several reasons, starting with the fact that right over the border in Germany, there is already a fierce debate about the form that the German retail cannabis market may take. Switzerland’s approach, namely backing distribution into pharmacies and social clubs, may well in fact be a model that Germany also adopts, at least initially.

Beyond this, however, it is conceivable that at least German legislators may well take another page out of the Swiss legalization book – namely starting a recreational “experiment” rather than full boat market all at once.

No matter what happens in the coming months, however, Switzerland at least, is clearing the books of outdated laws, and becoming a model in this regard for countries in the EU to follow.

Be sure to stay abreast of breaking developments in the European cannabis industry and attend the International Cannabis Business Conference when it returns to Barcelona, Berlin and Zurich in 2022!

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The World From Here: Cannabis Reform Europe Roundup 2021

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

The discussion has moved forward increasingly faster this year, in large part after September because of the new German government’s decision to enact federal recreational reform as of 2022

In every revolution, there is a tipping point in time – and on the topic of recreational cannabis reform and Europe, this is indeed that moment.

Significant reform is now in the offing in several European countries, beyond Switzerland, starting of course, with Germany. The pace-setting country is in this space in part because of its population and rich economy. It is also clear because of recent political developments that include the decision in 2017 to move forward on federal medical reform as well as the newly announced decision by the newly formed Traffic Light Coalition to enact recreational reform as early as next year.

Beyond Germany, of course, there have been, particularly in the last quarter of the year, significant announcements, and progress reports all over Europe. Malta just announced that they are in fact the first mover on a recreational market in the EU, with Luxembourg likely to be a hair’s whisker behind with a market that at least at first, looks remarkably similar.

Portugal is also not out for the count – with a government snap election pushing back the inevitability of reform here as well – now almost certain to be reintroduced next year if only to keep pace with the Germans. Italy is also likely to move forward with at least a reform that allows home grow if not like Luxembourg and Malta, the public sale of seeds.

In the Czech Republic, the increased blending of medical and recreational markets (namely the use of GACP rather than GMP cannabis in the medical market) is also a model that is likely to have some kind of impact on blended markets going forward. See Switzerland as the prime European example of the same, even if not in the EU.

Do not forget that Greece is still also moving forward on the development of its medical market, as is neighbour to the north, North Macedonia.

Spain is also likely to finally move forward on some kind of regulation of its coffee shop trade, particularly as Holland also moves, however slowly and painfully, to a national model of regulatory reform and procedure.

Denmark is also likely to announce the details of its own recreational trial too, especially as the medical market continues to take shape.

In short, 2021 has been much like the U.S. in 2012 where two American states – Colorado and Washington State, voted to create recreational markets. The difference, of course, is that all this reform in Europe is of the federal kind. 

Regional Reform & The Outliers

There are still a few larger fights on the horizon, both on the sovereign and then of course regional level. Outliers even in the medical discussion include not just France but Poland as well as other countries particularly in the eastern part of the region.

On a regional level, expect recreational reform to move far more slowly. There is still wide disagreement on the implementation of this kind of guidance even in the low THC, hemp market. 

Regardless, the cannabis genie is out of the bottle here, as of this year. And no matter when actual sales now begin to happen, it will never be stuffed back.

Be sure to keep abreast of developments in Europe by attending one of the International Cannabis Business Conference events in Europe in 2022!

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Removing Cannabis From The German Narcotics Act – Is It A Pipe Dream?

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

Thailand has just done it, why can’t Germany?

With all the celebratory hoopla that came with the news that Germany would, finally, after experimenting with the medical question during the last four years of the Angela Merkel headed, CDU led government, now move with the new Traffic Light Coalition into the future that includes recreational reform, have now come the inevitable questions.

Namely, for all the excitement, those on the regulatory and legal side of the coin have already been raising red flags about how quickly all of this could move – even if the government does enact formal adult-use legislation next summer or fall.

Namely, cannabis is still listed in the German Narcotics Act. And this still trips up even the CBD industry here. See, if nothing else, the embarrassing police raid on a national grocery store in Munich that may (or even may not) have been selling THC-free, CBD cookies and other “cannabis” products (as advertised by the store themselves) just this year.

However, as Thailand has just proved, this legal doom and gloom may be a bit displaced. See what just happened here. Namely, the government just removed cannabis from their national narcotics act completely.

Is This Realistic in Germany?

There will, no doubt, be a great deal of discussion about how to proceed with a recreational market while preserving the status of cannabis (even the flower) as a medical substance. 

Here is the difference between how things are proceeding in Germany vs. Thailand. The first is that in Thailand, the government has allowed a waiver of GMP standards for medical cannabis if it is grown domestically. Local farmers are allowed to deliver plants directly to hospitals.

This seems highly unlikely aus Deutschland, home of the modern pharmaceutical industry (along with the U.S.), birthed in the 1930s. 

However, one should not entirely count this kind of development out. Indeed, just over DACH border, in Switzerland, authorities are (sort of) doing the same thing as the Thai government with the advent of their own recreational trial. Namely, they are also waiving both EU GMP and Novel Food regulation on early-stage, trial products for adult use market products. 

These, however, in turn, will first be distributed via pharmacies, which themselves are under strict national and international regulatory rules, even if Switzerland is outside of the EU.

Beyond this, the Czech Republic also seems to be going a similar route. So, the idea the Thai government is now implementing is not unknown here.

That said, given the amount of money the government itself stands to make from recreational licensing, it is unlikely. And many questions remain about how the Germans will in fact proceed. It is also unlikely that the plant will be removed from the Narcotics Act completely, but rather provisions made for its use in both medical and non-medical situations, the latter of which could easily resemble the alcohol industry. Then again, this being the cannabis industry, it is impossible to predict what the path will actually be, even after the establishment of the market itself at least on the federal regulatory level.

Be sure to book your tickets early to the International Cannabis Business Conference when it returns to Berlin in the summer of 2022!

International Cannabis Business Conference Berlin 2021 International Cannabis Business Conference Berlin 2021

The International Cannabis Business Conference Is Coming Back To Germany

Written by Johnny Green on . Posted in Berlin.

BERLIN, Germany – The International Cannabis Business Conference is coming back to Berlin, Germany on July 19-20, 2022. Offering world-class industry networking opportunities, the Berlin International Cannabis Business Conference is the largest B2B cannabis trade event in Europe and is also the longest-running cannabis B2B conference on the continent. The conference will once again feature a unique blend of cannabis policy, advocacy, industry, and networking.

“We are particularly excited about this year’s conference in Berlin given the favorable political climate for cannabis legalization. It is going to be extra special for our team to offer world-class cannabis industry and policy education, networking, and entertainment to attendees at such a crucial juncture for Europe’s emerging cannabis industry,” says Alex Rogers, founder of the International Cannabis Business Conference.

In addition to the Berlin B2B event, the International Cannabis Business Conference will also offer a one-day Global Investment Forum (GIF) on July 18, 2022. The International Cannabis Business Conference Global Investment Forum in Berlin will feature hand-picked cannabis companies participating in a pitch session in front of top investors on the International Cannabis Business Conference Main Stage. It is a tremendous opportunity for cannabis companies in the emerging cannabis industry to showcase their products/services in front of seasoned industry investors. The pitch session is also open to service providers looking for reliable and high-end clients.

Germany is home to the largest economy in the European Union and is poised to serve as the cannabis industry capital of Europe going forward. The cannabis industry is evolving rapidly in Germany, with the country’s medical cannabis program increasing in size with every passing day.

Cannabis industry opportunities that are popping up in Germany and on the European continent have tremendous profit potential, and the Global Investment Forum is the perfect place for entrepreneurs to try to secure capital to take their pursuits to the next level. It is also an unparalleled opportunity for investors to learn more about pre-vetted investment opportunities and for industry service providers to find reliable and high-end clients.

“We know how hard it is for quality investors to link up with vetted cannabis industry companies offering valuable investment opportunities,” Rogers stated. “That is why we are bringing the Global Investment Forum back to Berlin. It will be a prime networking opportunity for cannabis industry investors, entrepreneurs, and industry service providers alike.”

The International Cannabis Business Conference is the leading B2B cannabis event series on earth. Events have been held in the United States, Canada, Spain, Germany, and Switzerland. Additional locations in other countries are being identified and will be announced in the future. The topics covered at the Global Investment Forum and conference via panels and presentations will be led by the top cannabis experts in the global cannabis space. To see which topics will be discussed at the B2B conference, check out the event’s schedule. Below is a sampling of the presenters:

  • Kristine Lütke – Member of the German Bundestag, Free Democratic Party
  • Peter Homberg – Partner, Dentons
  • Karl Bär – Member of the German Bundestag, Bündnis’90/Die Grünen
  • Jessica Billingsley – Chief Executive Officer, Akerna
  • Antonia Menzel – Public Affairs, Sanity Group
  • Ben Dronkers – President, Dronkers B.V. Group
  • Silvia Alunni – Advisor EU Affairs, Hague Corporate Affairs and Deputy-Secretary General, Medicinal Cannabis Europe

Over 5,000 attendees and 350 companies sponsors and exhibitors are expected at the Berlin International Cannabis Business B2B Conference alone. International Cannabis Business Conference events are attended by leading policymakers, executives, and entrepreneurs from all over the world, with over 80 countries being represented at previous events. The event series is the best way for innovators and inventors to get their products or services in front of the top influencers and decision-makers in the cannabis space, as well as for investors to network with aspiring entrepreneurs.

The conference series consistently features world-class speakers that cannabis entrepreneurs, advocates, and consumers from all backgrounds can learn from and be entertained by. International Cannabis Business Conference events include after-party festivities that feature some of the most entertaining musical acts and celebrities from across the globe.

A cannabis industry revolution is sweeping Europe, and Germany is at the center of it. If you’re serious about succeeding in the cannabis industry, check out the International Cannabis Business Conference’s flagship program in Berlin in July. Leading cannabis entrepreneurs and policymakers from around the world will be in attendance and the networking and educational opportunities will be unparalleled.

You can secure tickets now and take advantage of the early bird pricing discount.

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About the International Cannabis Business Conference

The International Cannabis Business Conference in Berlin is Europe’s longest-running and largest industry B2B tradeshow and conference. For more information, including how to register for International Cannabis Business Conference Barcelona, Berlin, and Zurich, please visit: Internationalcbc.com. Find out more on LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram.

For more information or media inquiries, please email noelle@internationalcbc.com or call 541.864.0090.

Barcelona Spain Barcelona Spain

The International Cannabis Business Conference Is Coming Back To Barcelona

Written by Johnny Green on . Posted in Barcelona.

BARCELONA, Spain (December 27, 2021) – The International Cannabis Business Conference is the leading cannabis B2B (business to business) event series on the planet, with previous conferences occurring in several countries on multiple continents. The event series is owned and operated by cannabis advocates that believe in celebrating cannabis culture, in addition to providing world-class cannabis industry education and networking opportunities.

The rich cannabis history and culture in Barcelona, Spain make it the perfect backdrop for the next International Cannabis Business Conference being held on March 10, 2022. The International Cannabis Business Conference has once again partnered with Spannabis, Europe’s top cannabis expo, to form another superconference that is a must-attend for anyone that is serious about succeeding in the emerging cannabis industry. At the conclusion of the superconference the International Cannabis Business Conference will host one of its world-famous after-parties. This year’s after-party will be sponsored by Juicy Fields.

“We needed to collaborate with a leading company in the cannabis business sector, with experience also in Europe, and International Cannabis Business Conference has all the knowledge to be able to make such an event in Spain. We have no doubt that our combined event will be a success and many of our attendees will be grateful to have a B2B event of this quality.” Spannabis organizers stated.

Spannabis organizers went on to say, “Feria del Cáñamo (Spannabis) has been in the cannabis sector for more than 18 years and is much more than just a fair. The Spanish cannabis industry has more potential every day, and is taking firm steps to improve Spain’s laws. Spannabis organizers believe that the time is right to offer reliable information on the economic potential of the cannabis sector and the viability that Spain would have to become one of the key countries in Europe.”

Spannabis previously teamed up with the International Cannabis Business Conference in 2019 to form a superconference, and the collaboration was a tremendous success. The 2022 superconference will be bigger and better than ever, with the collaboration event being the largest of its type in Spain.

“Spannabis is not only the biggest Cannabis fair in Europe, but the biggest in the world. The Spannabis brand name is iconic, and we are honored to be partnering with such a long-time and important institution,” states Alex Rogers, Executive Producer of the International Cannabis Business Conference.

“Spannabis is the meeting point for the entire European cannabis scene. It is first and foremost a consumer event, however, many folks who attend are also looking for a B2B element. The International Cannabis Business Conference’s partnership with Spannabis fills this gap and satisfies a clear need for major cannabis industry players to meet, network, and to progress and advance the industry as cannabis laws are liberalized in Spain and across the continent.” Rogers said.

Spain is home to arguably the best cannabis culture on earth, with 70% of Spain’s cannabis clubs being located in Barcelona. Roughly 90% of Spain voters support medical cannabis according to a recent survey by the Center for Sociological Research. Medical cannabis patients in Spain are expected to purchase over 1,700 kilograms of cannabis flower in 2022, and an estimated 10% of Spain’s adult population consumes cannabis annually.

Over 60 countries will be represented at the superconference this March in Barcelona and will include representatives from every sector of the industry as well as leading international cannabis policymakers and industry service providers. Attend the superconference in Barcelona to network with investors, entrepreneurs, industry regulators, and international policymakers and take your industry pursuits to the next level. 

Announcements regarding speakers, panels, and the conference schedule will be coming soon. The International Cannabis Business Conference also has additional upcoming events in Berlin in July 2022 and Zurich in September 2022. You can secure tickets now and take advantage of the early bird pricing discount.

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About the International Cannabis Business Conference

The International Cannabis Business Conference in Berlin is Europe’s longest-running and largest industry B2B tradeshow and conference. For more information, including how to register for International Cannabis Business Conference Barcelona, Berlin, and Zurich, please visit: Internationalcbc.com. Find out more on LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram.

For more information or media inquiries, please email noelle@internationalcbc.com or call 541.864.0090.

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Does CBD Impair Driving Ability?

Written by Johnny Green on . Posted in Science.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the several dozens of cannabinoids that are contained within the cannabis plant.

When it comes to popularity, not all cannabinoids are created equal, and that is particularly true when comparing CBD to other cannabinoids.

For many years the most popular and well-known cannabinoid was THC. However, in recent years THC’s popularity has lost ground to CBD, at least when it comes to Google searches.

CBD’s popularity has also risen dramatically when it comes to products due to its ability to treat various ailments. The rise in popularity is also due in large part to CBD policy reforms around the globe.

The ever-increasing rate at which consumers and patients are using CBD products is leading to concerns in some regulatory circles regarding if it causes too much impairment.

CBD And Driving

A team of researchers in Switzerland recently explored the relationship between the use of CBD products (cigarettes) and a consumer’s ability to safely operate a motor vehicle.

“To investigate effects of smoking cannabidiol (CBD)-rich marijuana on driving ability and determine free CBD and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations in capillary blood samples, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover pilot study was conducted with 33 participants.” the researchers stated.

“Participants smoked a joint containing 500 mg of tobacco and either 500 mg of CBD-rich marijuana (16.6% total CBD; 0.9% total THC) or 500 mg of a placebo substance, then performed three different dimensions of the Vienna Test System TRAFFIC examining reaction time, behaviour under stress, and concentration performance. For further assessment of participants’ fitness to drive, three tests of balance and coordination were evaluated and vital signs (blood pressure and pulse) were measured.” the researchers went on to say.

“The results revealed no significant differences between the effects of smoking CBD-rich marijuana and placebo on reaction time, motor time, behaviour under stress, or concentration performance.” the researchers concluded.

Beware Per Se DUII Laws

Regulators around the globe are crafting cannabis policies specific to driving under the influence of intoxicants (DUII). It is one of many facets of public policy that gets reviewed when cannabis laws change.

DUII laws, for any intoxicating substance, fall into two ‘method of detection’ categories. One is detecting DUII via a comprehensive set of field sobriety tests.

The other category for the method of detection is relying on a per se limit. For instance, most jurisdictions have a per se limit for alcohol, such as .08 BAC in the United States.

Many regulators try to rely on a per se limit for THC, falsely believing that cannabis affects the human body the same as alcohol.

With that in mind, CBD consumers could in theory have THC built up in their bodily fluids, and if they have too much and get caught driving in a jurisdiction that has a per se law, it could result in some unfortunate consequences.

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Fiji Plans To Move Forward On Hemp Reform

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

The island nation is going to move forward on basic cannabis reform as early as next year.

The 300 island archipelago nation of Fiji is moving forward on cannabis reform. The nation’s president opened the new legislative year in November with a pledge to move at least the hemp industry forward as a way of diversifying the country’s agricultural sector. This vertical accounts for about 10% of the country’s GDP. 

Current plans include identifying a foreign partner to help move the country successfully along with a first pilot project.

Industrial hemp, at least at the moment, however, is about as far as the conversation will go for now. Authorities are only interested in authorizing the growth of plants with under 1% THC.

Bringing Economic and Political Stability?

The Fiji Islands are located in the South Pacific, to the east of Australia and due north of New Zealand. With a complicated colonial past and a history of coups over the last twenty of its recent thirty-year history, authorities are clearly trying to establish a cash crop that is not too controversial. It is undeniable, however, that changing cannabis policies in both Australia and New Zealand (if not elsewhere) have influenced this new policy direction, although it is interesting that so far at least, hemp reform is as far as the island is interested in proceeding.

Fiji is one of the most developed Pacific Island economies, with a large subsistence sector. Tourism is the other big industry here, with white sand beaches and tropical weather year-round drawing global tourists. And while nobody is talking cannatourism yet, give it time. Thailand is moving rapidly to remove restrictions on its cannabis industry. Other countries in this part of the world, including the Philippines, which delayed cannabis reform indefinitely this year, are moving more slowly and cautiously.

Regardless, progress here does indicate that even in Asia, the subject of cannabis reform is shifting, even if slowly. Tourists come primarily from Australia, New Zealand, the United States, China, and the UK. As the global economy rebounds from Covid, it is unlikely that this vertical will be overlooked, anywhere, as a source of economic development one way or the other.

For more updates on the global cannabis industry, be sure to stay tuned to the International Cannabis Business Conference blog!

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Organizing For National Cannabis Reform: A New Spanish Advocacy Group Gets Going

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

The Cannabis Industry Guild (or GIC) has just been formed to create an advocacy group for the nascent industry across the country

In yet more of a sign of how large the ripple effect of the German announcement to move forward on recreational cannabis has been in Europe, a group of Spanish entrepreneurs has just come together to form a new business group. According to Canamo.net, which broke the story, the members of the new Guild are coming together to create a new partnership with the government. Namely, one in which seed sales are legalized and that the grow shop sector be recognized as legitimate and regulated.

The Spanish industry has suffered several setbacks beyond Covid, most of which stem from the intransigence, so far, on a national, federal level, to consider even the widespread medical use of cannabis. Indeed, the regulatory authorities in Spain have only issued four EU GMP cultivation licenses, all of which are focused on export. In the meantime, the Club industry has evolved and taken its knocks. One of the cofounders of the same, Albert Tio, is currently doing jail time for his part in organizing the same after losing his appeal at the European level earlier this year.

Beyond this, of course, the Spanish industry is suffering all the problems still recognizable to the American state industry – namely police intervention and even problems with getting a bank account.

Organizing for National and Regional Cannabis Reform

It is very clear that the Spanish industry is not going to let the other conversations about reform lie unanswered, even if they come from outside the country. The GIC is working closely with the Guild of Grow Shops in Catalonia, a group in operation for over 15 years in the heart of the Spanish industry (in Barcelona). Beyond this, the group has formed an alliance with the European Observatory of Cannabis Consumption and Cultivation to move the conversation forward at a national and EU-wide level.

There are many reasons to believe that this forward motion might in fact this time be successful, and not just because of the new German Coalition government decision on the same. The model proposed by the GIC is very much what has been proposed now for Luxembourg. This is surely also not a coincidence.

Regardless, more reform is clearly on the way in Spain, driven undeniably by the forward motion in countries all around it.

Be sure to book your tickets to the International Cannabis Business Conference when it returns to Barcelona in March!

Malta Malta

Malta Becomes First Country In EU To Legalize Adult Use Cannabis

Written by Marguerite Arnold on . Posted in Politics.

The country will edge out Luxembourg, Germany, and Portugal to create a fully functioning, federally legal cannabis market

Malta has just become the first EU country to formally legitimize an adult-use cannabis market. The Maltese Parliament voted to move forward on the same on December 14. All that is needed now is the signature of the President (a mere formality).

There will be a formal government agency established to oversee the industry. Regulated sales will be allowed to occur in shops. Home grow will be allowed.

How Will This Impact Recreational Reform Across Europe?

While cannabis reform and of both the medical and recreational kind, has been moving forward steadily in Europe, driven by Germany, over the last four years, 2021 and even more so 2022, is likely to be considered “Ground Zero” in terms of finally moving the recreational conversation over the finish line across the region.

Even Holland is formalizing its market on a national level. Beyond this, of course, Luxembourg will establish a limited recreational market, Portugal is likely to do so as is Italy. And of course, right in the middle of it all, even if not in the EU, Switzerland is moving ahead as of next year.

There are, beyond “domino” discussions, however, other interesting developments potentially afoot with this development. The first of course is financing for the industry, no matter where it is based in Europe. 

The second is what this development will do to the entire reform discussion in the UK. Like Canada, Malta is in the Commonwealth. It now becomes the second commonwealth country to formally legitimize the drug. Beyond this, of course, another commonwealth country, namely South Africa, is also about to move forward on significant cannabis reform.

Whatever happens, as a result, will begin to move reform forward not just within the EU, but potentially as a formal policy of the Commonwealth. This in turn, beyond regional pressure from the EU, may in turn finally convince policymakers at the UN to take the next step and enact truly global cannabis reform.

None of this will happen overnight, of course, and despite all the excitement, there is plenty of ground to cover from merely passing cannabis reform to implementing it on the ground.

Regardless, it is an important step, and further one that casts yet another encouraging light on the entire recreational cannabis conversation across Europe – if not a bit further afield than this.

The International Cannabis Business Conference returns to Europe in 2022 in Barcelona, Berlin, and Zurich.